What should be done with leftovers that have been sitting out for more than 2 hours?

When leftovers have been sitting out for more than 2 hours, discarding them is the safest option due to the risk of bacterial growth. Food safety guidelines indicate that perishable foods should not be left at room temperature for more than 2 hours because this is when harmful bacteria can multiply rapidly to unsafe levels.

If food is left out in a warm environment (above 90°F), this time frame is even shorter—only 1 hour. The danger of foodborne illness increases significantly as bacteria such as Salmonella, E. coli, and Listeria can develop in these conditions, potentially leading to serious health issues when consumed.

Reheating leftover food may not always eliminate the bacteria or the toxins they produce, making it a less reliable option for ensuring safety. Simply refrigerating the food after the 2-hour mark does not mitigate the risk, as bacteria can still be present. Leaving the food out longer exacerbates the danger further, as it allows even more time for bacteria to thrive. Hence, discarding the leftovers is the most responsible and health-conscious action.